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Business Plan for an Established Business - 4877 Words

Business Plan Gary Reeves Studio Upholstery 6810 W. Cheyenne Las Vegas Nevada, 89108 (702)-380-8468 office Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary General Company Description 4 Products and Services 7 Marketing Plan 8 Operational Plan 15 Management and Organization 20 Personal Financial Statement 21 Financial History and Analysis 22 Financial Plan 23 Appendices 24 Executive Summary Studio Upholstery provides a wide variety of services. We specialize in Antique, Custom Auto Restoration, Hot Rods, Custom Auto’s, and Marine . Mr.†¦show more content†¦We bill according to each job individually, our labor is always $85.hrly. Form of ownership: Joint Venture Company history: Studio Upholstery has been in business for almost 3 years. A success was Sunland Dash and Accessories (sold out to partners). Previous failures were Unique Upholstery and Best Upholstery. We learned not to grow excessively without proper planning. Over a time span of 28 years as an Independent Upholsterer I am recognized as being one of the best in my field. Studio Upholstery has 2 employees. We sponsor different types of car shows and drives ex: Addictive (car club) toyz. The biggest problem was starting this business during it’s down season with no capital, and receiving no income for several months due to reinvesting into the business. Most important strengths and core competencies: Expanding our services and catering to a variety of clients. By soliciting businesses with specialized needs. Advertising our experience in many different types of upholstery, our business will prosper. My biggest competitive strength is my ability to do both Auto and Furniture Upholstery. I have 28yrs of Upholstery experience. I enjoy inter-acting with customers, am very disciplined with strong working habits, as well as a Seasoned Upholsterer. Long term: We plan to keep the accounts scheduled at a steady pace in order to keep the business thriving, and have a steadyShow MoreRelated Business Plan for an Established Business Essay4466 Words   |  18 Pages Business Plan for an Established Business This business plan consists of a narrative and several financial spreadsheets. The narrative template is the body of the business plan. It contains more than 150 questions divided into several sections. Work through the sections in any order you like, except for the Executive Summary, which should be done last. Skip any questions that do not apply to your business. When you are finished writing your first draft, you will have a collection of small essaysRead MoreReasons For Start A New Business Essay1552 Words   |  7 Pages5. A) There are several reasons for starting a new business. The benefits include the owner’s ability to make virtually all decisions in the business, and can run it exactly as they please. 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Discrimination in the United States Today Free Essays

Two blue and white school buses pull out of TC Williams High School parking lot destined for Gettysburg College, the site for this summer’s football camp. Parents looked on with expressions of disgust and worry as their sons disappeared around the corner, now under control of the new black head coach, Herman Boone. Every seat on the bus was to be occupied by one white and one black football player. We will write a custom essay sample on Discrimination in the United States Today or any similar topic only for you Order Now Players either stared off into space or out the window in order to avoid any contact with the player sitting beside them. The year was 1971 and this was going to be the first season the Titans played as an integrated school with both blacks and whites on the football team. The season would be characterized by hate, crime, brotherhood and determination and triumph. Despite their differences in appearance and the disapproval of the town they left behind, the team would need to come together as brothers to bring home the perfect season so that everyone would remember the Titans. According to Merriam – Webster dictionary, the definition of racism is â€Å"a belief that race is the primary determinant of human trait and capacities and racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race† (Merriam Webster Dictionary 484). Racism has existed in our culture throughout human history in many different forms. Differences in skin color, language and customs have influenced the way people view and treat others. Racism has influenced past wars with slavery, caused segregation in the US in the 1960s and early ’70s, and is present still today in the form of discrimination. The first documented form of racism in the US may have been slavery. Even though slavery was eventually banned in America, segregation continued. Not until many years later did the blacks received the same rights as white people. Still today, racism between ethnic groups is evident in the form of discrimination. Despite the efforts many have made to put an end to racism, eliminating all traces of it is ultimately impossible. Racism is still alive and well in the United States today. Issues on racial profiling, corporate downsizing, layoffs in the industry, racial and class segregation, hyper – segregation, economic racism and institutional racism are but just some of the living proofs to this kind of discrimination happening around us. It has been a struggle our forefathers have battled out and today, it has still not seen an end. It has and still continues to endure since time immemorial. The struggle to impede partiality from affecting law enforcement practices is as patriarchal as the Constitution of the United States itself. Also adversely, for the most part of our past, partiality peace enforcement – founded on fear rather than evidence – has been prevalent and futile (ACLU 4). Since the disaster of September 11, America have witnessed a boost in the country’s desire to let pass law enforcement and defense practices founded mainly on skin pigmentation or other permanent attributes, and a certain desire on the end of the present administration to administer such procedures (ACLU 4). The country’s Asian, Muslim and Arab populace are very much affected by such physical assaults. Rules chiefly laid out to impact specific classes usually end in the damage of the human rights of everyone involved. Furthermore, racism causes the United States to be less secure as a nation, considering the inadequate law enforcement assets are redirected and people who would rather not to be subjected to government perlustration are pinpointed (ACLU 4). The disaster of September 11 has created general counter – immigrant perception tolerable in the law enforcement and civil defense actions integrate prejudice into their implementation (ACLU 4). Ever since the disaster of the September 11 insurgent assault, it has been the legitimate tactics of the administration to hold, cross – examine and arrest beyond criminal offense – usually for long – term on the grounds of their native roots, race and faith. Actually, the very insertion of civil defense exclusion in the guidelines is an affirmation by the justice department that depends on racism and discrimination in its local anti – insurgent efforts (ACLU 5). Racism is at all times at odds with the nation’s central statutory principles of impartiality and justice. Law enforcement founded on general attributes in the likes of ethnicity, faith and native roots, instead on the analysis of a person’s conduct, is a faulty and useless action for guaranteeing civil (ACLU 6). During the times shortly after the September 11 insurgent attacks, the justice department began what measured to a comprehensive agenda of defensive arrest. It was the initial huge – scope arrest of a set of people on the grounds of their native roots or descent since the inhumation of Japanese – American at the time of the Second World War. In the period of the insurgent assaults, civic personnel pierced through Asian, Muslim and Arab territories all over the United States, grabbing them from pathways, and even inside their residences, offices and places of worship (ACLU 9). The cluster and detention of a large number of the population were subjected under a strange disguise of cover – up, abandoning wives, offspring, schoolmates and bosses suspecting the victim’s whereabouts and speculating on the identity of the next captive (ACLU 9). The individual expenses of the authority’s racism policies are immeasurable: diligent, obedient citizens abruptly finding themselves bound arms and foot, detained incommunicado in lone incarceration for over a month each; estranged from relations; residences and workplaces lost and existence flipped right side facing down. For most people, the ultimate defeat of all time is actually the harsh discovery that the place they came to call as their own, the very one which swore liberty and prospective, favored them no more (ACLU 11). The application of segregating by ethnic group, background, faith or native land runs opposite to what is questionably the central theory of democracy: each and everyone are made equal, and are at liberty must be dealt with unvaryingly by the government, notwithstanding immutable self like skin pigmentation, religion, ethnic or national roots (ACLU 18). For both citizens, either Black or Brown, racial discrimination connotes shorter, not so healthy, less – esteemed lifestyles. Racial discrimination verdict class philosophies and is the thought and tradition of white domination. It is the system of racism and repression based on skin pigmentation, physical appearances, roots and ethnicity. Its foundations can be traced as a validation for slavery and the invasion of the people of the United States. Ever since, slavery in America was attached to the progress and evolution of capitalism. Based on the trade and possession of human beings on the grounds of their physical appearances and skin tone, its idea was the manipulation of unsettled labor for great earnings. As properties, Africans were sought as if they were animals, brought to now the United States, and then traded on public sale like creatures of inconvenience. Native American Indians suffered the same fate as their African counterparts as they too were murdered on a huge scale (Marshall NP). Ethical and logical reasoning were invented to give reason for this capture, trade, enslavement and mass killings against humanity. As a philosophy, racial discrimination presented the ethical and logical foundations of slavery, the spreading out of colonialism further to the west and the capture of Mexico’s other half. Hence the reason of this set of guidelines was, and even until now is, to set further views and philosophies based on the illusion that people of darker tones are innately low-grade (Marshall NP). The racially prejudiced utilization of the crime subject, increasing chauvinistic and law enforcement aggression, intensifying separation, criminalization, immigrant – related assaults, rising poverty, living rough and joblessness, amplifying typecasts in media and environmental racial discrimination all signify the intensity of the crisis (Marshall NP). The leanings must be viewed in the perspective of the strengthening of the class efforts. Corporate curb and mass dismissal in the business have resulted to an general drop in the standards of living by the blue – collar workers, particularly the ethnically and nationally demoralized components, and have aggravated the development of racial discrimination. There is a direct relationship between these subject matters (Marshall NP). Capitalism’s general predicament combines a brand new aspect to these issues. Corporate curb and mass dismissal have swept out a lot of the previous reaps opposed to racism in the industry. As the fiscal crisis intensifies, contemporary types of economic racial discrimination are making their presence felt (Marshall NP). Huge rate of joblessness and demarcation are its most straight and stunning result. Rising figures of unemployment cases concerning Asians and their African American counterparts are twice the rate of the Whites. Prolonged joblessness is also exceptionally grave. A huge fraction of those living in the rough are Latinos and Black. Economic racial discrimination’s dreadfulness is mostly observed on its effect on Latinos and Black youths, who predominantly live in penury (Marshall NP). A main attribute of the growth of racial discrimination at the present moment is the height of quality of separation. Segregation has hastened rather than degenerated and happened to be more severe, depicted by pressing destitution and awfully meager situations of life. This is grounds for closer scrutiny of the implication of segregation these days, as more than a consequence of fiscal factors but as a conscious business and administration policy, with far – reaching repercussions (Marshall NP). It is a consequence of business and administrative policies counting red – lining as well as the former President Reagan’s and current administration’s bureaucrats’ slashes in housing and municipal expenditures, which have brought about the damage of metropolitan zones. The damage on national support for developing and maintaining civic housing projects has lead to disastrous outcomes; other than this is the former President Clinton’s bureaucrats’ unsympathetically racist and influential scheme to utilize HUD taxes to construct prisons (Marshall NP). Ethnic and class separation has created a segregated institutional organization, and played a role in the sudden descending glide of the quality of learning made available for both Latinos and Black youths of society particularly in the United States. The privatization of municipal education is aggravating this crisis and bringing new disparities into the scene (Marshall NP). The problem of segregation confronting all ethnically and nationally demoralized and particularly African Americans are the straightforward consequences of the organizational problems specifically during the later parts of the 1970s and 1980s as well as the industrial cut back of the 1990s. These cultures and neighborhoods must be regarded as an indispensable feature of the particular repression of these peoples – group, ethnic and national – and a way of manipulating and slashing these neighborhoods off from the rest of humanity and of actually isolating the blue collar workers (Marshall NP). Recent reports directs to what is called hyper – segregation of African Americana within the country’s major industrial metropolises namely Houston, Detroit, Los Angeles, Cleveland, Newark, Philadelphia, New York, and Chicago, metropolises in which the organizational problems and prolonged and generational redundancy have been deeply felt. Hyper – segregation encompasses the topographical, political, fiscal and social segregation of â€Å"`the aforementioned neighborhoods. It exposes that racial discrimination aimed at the African Americans has a exceptional feature and has arrive at a contemporary and unparalleled phase (Marshall NP). Economic racial discrimination is also associated with the issues of metropolises, where the most neighborhoods are situated. As central industries set out, services are permitted to deteriorate, lanes disintegrate, bridges collapse. Here, the drug use and abuse goes on increasingly, mortality rates sky rocket levels much higher those in the less developed countries, and illnesses such as tuberculosis and AIDS are almost uncontrollable. Here the neighborhoods are in a virtual situation of obstruction as racist law enforcers, under the excuse of combating drugs, threaten and coerce. Here, people of color particularly the younger ones are regularly curved up in speed, and have crammed the country’s penitentiary and detention centers almost to a spill over, African American adolescents amounting to approximately 35%, either in detention centers or subjected to the jurisdiction of the criminal justice organization (Marshall NP). Nationality, sex and background in the business realm must not be a problem. Instead, working well in a diversified environment must be everyone’s aim (Ishimaru NP). Varied sets of skills are in tall order particularly in the American offices these days. But then again, a certain race in itself cannot possibly make it all happen. At this point, diversity fulfills its real essence. Various people from every civilization must share and value each other’s outlooks and beliefs to be able to come off a solution to a crisis and ultimately cause success not just for themselves but for the team they work with (qtd. in Ishimaru NP). Every industry should aspire to diversify. Certainly, it is the proper way to go. Diversity in the business world makes a good logical in itself. It requires thoughtfulness, visualization and commitment to be momentous. Furthermore, it commands eagerness to scrutinize the conventional way of handling business and what is prized in its employees (Ishimaru NP). To be able to produce advancement as far as diversity in the business world is concerned, it is vital to re-evaluate one’s principles and be able to communicative what merit is really about. As people keep on diversifying even more, elevating workers who displayed an ability to diversify to communicate well with his co – employees setting apart aside social discrimination must be highlighted (Ishimaru NP). Studies confirm that operating in a diversified setting is associated with more important associations. Moreover, more friendships between different races are also created in this place. â€Å"The ethnically varied neighborhood is also a model of a diversified surrounding (Estlund 10). There are reasons to trust that the distinctly augmented occurrence of reported friendship between people from diverse backgrounds is founded chiefly from improved relations and incorporation in the business realm. Yet in the greater scheme of things, it is more than a friendship tale. It also speaks of the common but spread out implication of connectedness that shell out of the daily cooperation, informal sociability, mutual welfare, whines, achievements and frustrations among co – workers. All the same, their positive feature is suggested by the occurrence with which they are able to establish real friendship that transcends social discrimination. Racial conflict and segregation is still alive and well. Even so, they were definitely narrowed and combined with thoughts of harmony, respect, friendship and resemblance (Estlund 11). In point of fact, it is only in the business realm where a more lasting and mutual interaction is possible. It is the only place where one can actually see it happen. Every person must search for to be able to team up with their co – workers in any place and time. This type of team up must be made amongst people of diverse roots, ethnic set and gender. Diversity in the business realm, affairs and association that go beyond social discrimination can be counted on to bring about heightened approval and empathy. Besides, it can perhaps form less hostility and typecasting amongst diverse roots, ethnic set and custom (Estlund 12). African – American middle school learners are sensitive regarding the issue of racial discrimination and are willing to voice out their thoughts about the topic at hand. Thoughts of injustice and prejudice associated to race will take place specifically in a teacher relationship, which is made difficult by problems of command and influence (Melvin 37). The condition of the increasing population of pupils from ethnic minorities in public institutions and the majority of white instructors in the public institutions is a crisis. White instructors need to rethink the crisis of the failure of various pupils from ethnic minorities in the institutions. Instructors nowadays hardly ever display explicit racial discrimination, but may unintentionally act discriminatorily in concealed and understated ways. As a result of placing the burden of achievement in institution completely upon a pupil from an ethnic minority, the instructor does not reflect on his role in creating the institution a positive learning ground. The floor is certainly amassed against people from ethnic minorities and instructors in an undersized way have the capability to offset the effects of racial discrimination. Definitely, there are a lot of other aspects that be part of the cause of a pupil success like a supportive family. Still, white instructors lean to classify these aspects with the consequence of holding responsible the victim and omitting the reality that the true rival is institutional racial discrimination. White instructors must to be not as much concerned about being branded racially prejudiced and be less troubled with contesting such accusations whenever they are expressed by pupils. Rather, instructors should to observe how their own actions, both with respect to their dealings with pupils and their selections of classroom matter to guarantee that they are doing everything feasible to assist pupils from ethnic minorities to succeed (Melvin 39). The asset of the United States as a country has been rooted in its ability to distinguish and nurture its diversity. Its blend of diversity has been a collage of expressions and outlooks that collaborated to clothe the country to be unified, in a never ending quest for life, liberation and sovereignty for all. While there will always be disagreements on the ways and measures that gets in the way of success, may all rise up every single day, and safeguard the nation’s ability to expressive what it deems as its absolute right to be heard exercising its people’s freedom of speech (Jones NP). Hope should remain. Hope in the odd that living in an ethnically diversified world is feasible. More than being an odd, it is the kind of life everyone else must work hard to achieve. A life that is lived in accord between people regardless of native roots is an ideal kind of life. It is certainly a kind of life that transforms and surpasses boundaries formerly defined, aimed for the betterment of all (Racebridges. net NP). As we close the chapter on one heritage recognition to bridge the pages to the next, may everyone else never forget that the United States was molded on the hard labors of its immigrant populace. Having come from the Plymouth Rock, or from the weight of servitude, the force has been established and set free of the control of racial discrimination (Jones NP). For everyone to gaze further at the road that lie ahead, it is necessary to set sights on the rear view mirror to keep certain that alarming signs of the threats that lies further on are not overlooked. It is important to study, assess and commemorate history, or be condemned in recurring failures habitually. The past should be the handbook and experience must be the lead. It is there to serve as a reflection of the path yet to be (Jones NP). Ethic and socio – economic condition are amid the most well-known kind of inter – class affairs that mirrors kinds of social discrimination in the country. Whenever social discrimination is present, prejudice is a crucial feature of inter – class affairs. Prejudice can function to underpin the representational borders that divide ethnic class from one and the other (MacArthur MacArthur NP). Racial discrimination is as relevant a subject matter at present as it was two decades ago (Miles168). Quite the opposite of other age group the world today is typically more and varied, mobile and integrated than it has ever been. These days, people find themselves living in a world with not only complete strangers, rather quite particularly exceptional individuals (Estlund 20). In our day than ever before, it is critical that all people take a firm position against racial discrimination. Everyone must stay alert and prepared to battle it out in opposition to those who longs to segregate and demoralize societies on grounds of race, background, ethnic group, faith or principles. A hate – provoked offense against members of a specific race is still an assault all of humanity. We are constantly challenged by racial discrimination in every aspect of society. Countless marginal neighborhoods are still subjected to different faces of racial discrimination and racist brutality. For most neighborhoods, the racist danger has augmented. There is a need for efficient and impartial actions to deal with all forms of racial discrimination. The governmental structure counter racism or hostility have not yet stood firmly on its ground, in some parts of the country still needs execution. There is a need to enforce it successfully and noticeably. Victims must recognize that their encounters of racial discrimination will be critically dealt with by powers that be. Perpetrators of the crimes must be made aware that their deeds will not be allowed by the world. For one, the possibility of creating deep and multi –thread ties grounded on resemblance is nothing sort of usual. On the contrary, the possibility of creating ties that surpasses social discrimination thrives. However, establishing such kind of ties that surpasses social discrimination is not quite simple. By not counting on the help of a certain amount of force, this type of ties is unfeasible. All the same when it carried out, it is perhaps more lean and more awkward that the type of ties grounded on resemblance (Estlund 20). To all intents and purposes, these ties can foster trust. It can generate a sense of togetherness, harmony for a reason. Ultimately, compounded with the development towards objectivity and integration in the office and beyond, trust could be encouraged as well (Estlund 20). In spite of everything, no one person can possibly live solely by himself. It is man’s basic nature that requires him to establish and interconnection with his neighbors. The world exists to blend diverse civilization. This is just but one of the certainties in this world. Instead of isolating oneself from his neighbors whom he perceives to be unlike himself, may everyone else simply learn to love and embrace his own as well as his neighbor’s individuality. The diversity in this world is worth more than its simple meaning. It exists to be a living reminder of the real essence of man’s uniqueness. It is there to impart the lesson to all ears that need to hear that differences in all intents and purposes are the common ground where people of all races and places can meet half way. And all else is better taken a step further from there. Firm rebuff of the racist philosophy is necessary for everyone. Impartiality, non – existence of prejudice and deference for the human civil liberties of all are frequent threads in our culture, which highlight the battle in opposition to racism. They are an essential part of one’s commitment to his neighbors. It is not simply a subject for institutional action. There is a demand to remain united in the battle in opposition to racism and succeed. It is a form of corruption to the future and a renouncement to the common codes of conduct if with consent the racist is permitted to develop a scheme wherein the people’s actions are deemed to be normal. How to cite Discrimination in the United States Today, Papers

Use of Power by a Dean-Free-Sample for Students-Myassignmenthelp

Question: Critical analysis of an article The Deans Disease. Answer: Introduction The report will be based on a critical analysis of an article The Deans Disease: How the Darker Side of Power Manifests Itself in the Office of Dean. The highlighted topic of the discussion is the use of power by a Dean when he or she is promoted at that position. Power can be defined as the ability to impact other people and stay completely uninfluenced or it can also be called as having a complete control over various kinds of resources. The concept of power can be easily understood from the status of a company which in itself is legitimate kind of power (Tourish, 2013). However, a form of power can also be called as an experts power since Dean is selected at that position for his or her expertise. There are some people that can have some power even if they dont necessarily have high level of hierarchy based status in university. Key ideas and concepts The concept of power is something that can provide a feeling of superiority with different and more distinct from other people. Number of researches has been conducted over the year that suggests the power has the capacity to change the way people in position like Dean to perceive information and in the end process it. For example, in the recent work of research it is shown that the cognitive base of psychology proves that people with ample amount of power have the capacity of aiming on important feature of the work and ignore any kind of visual form of distraction. At the same time, power also seems to decrease or sometimes completely impair the ability of a person to step in other people shoes before taking any decision (Oliver et al., 2014). People with power have constantly been shown to be less capable of any kind of clarity that the perspective of other presents along with their emotion. The articles discussed three reasons that show the reason behind the way Dean reacts to sit uation. The first reason is that Dean understands that, he has the power to impact staff because of the kind of control they have and this control on varied resources becomes the main reason for being coercive and reward power. Coercive power can also be defined by the usage of number of verbal based threats along with confrontation as well as different kind of punitive function in order to force the control on the faculty. There is no surprise in the fact that Deans who become coercive by nature at later stage can be perceived as an act with personal level of bias as well as dishonesty (Kahler, 2015). As a result, Dean has the power to insulate from daily facts and happening and neither are they aware of the understanding of the happening on the colleges since they lack the source of truthful data that in later stage be based on negative impacts. This situation can result in creating a close inner circle known as doppelgangers (Lindenberger and Mayr, 2014). The second reason of different behavior by the dean is that they easily becomes the target of flattery and can be caught in a position which is overloaded with fake and strategically planned praises from the colleagues and associates. This gives them the feeling of uniqueness and as a result they are developing an inflated sense of self since their belief is based on their special potential (Linton and Power, 2013). They forget to fact of working with other and their corporation while moving forward. The third reason discussed in the article is based on the occurrence of the control on resources needed that Dean adopts as being a consistent player in morality with the power related with the control. The unchallenged power also brings some types of psychic along with materialistic rewards and it is not surprising at all that people in power also wish to maintain the present state of affairs because of which there are some commonly held set of values as well as norms that are completely avoided when there is any kind of interference with the current preservation associated with power (Daly, 2014). Justification of ideas The main aim of this article is not to provide any kind of quick fix or list of tips on avoiding the dark side of power vested on Dean. The discussion is about the approach where Dean fails to identify the overall size as well as complexity of the problems. The main motive here is based on identifying as well as discussing different kind of temptations along with distortion on emotional front that is based on the possession of the power that causes and how people are going to deal with this possession of power and their overall impact on the situation in the university (Johnsen and Lacoste, 2016). Assertions The fact is that power in itself is addictive by nature and when people get the power, remaining on goals and hiding the ego and wits associated with emotional part is not easy. It needs some limitations as well as disciplines. In all the fields, there are examples of people not exactly knowing the way to handle the power. In day to day lives of people generally people disagree with the power and the decisions people take in power (Whittaker and Holland-Smith, 2016). This is why, it is important to use different leadership related philosophy and management as a guide in order to use power in an effective manner. The research discussed about the problem side of power when it is vested with the post of Dean and several preventions to save the situation. However, the report is done on basis of finite number of examples. Here it is important to understand that power does changes the perspective of dealing with things however, it doesnt always have to bring the bad side of the Dean or the leader (Spain et al., 2014). There are reasons of why people vested with power dont always follow a route that people in general want. Power sometimes restricts to what can be done no matter how much of it can be done. Conclusion At the time of taking promoting a eligible candidate at the post of Dean, selection committee in university and other board of directors often depend on factors like the potential of the person, accomplishments, skills, traits important for the personality and in the end, how well these factors fit in the position of Dean (Snead, 2016). What are usually avoided are the social as well as psychological results of the promotion on the newly elected Dean as an individual and the impact on their behavior. Therefore, as a result it is important to not to select the Dean just on the basis of past achievements, however bearings are also crucial for the overall potential results of the change of status on the attitude of them. References Daly, S.Z., 2014. The dark side of power-sharing: Middle managers and civil war recurrence.Comparative Politics,46(3), pp.333-353. Johnsen, R.E. and Lacoste, S., 2016. An exploration of the dark sideassociations of conflict, power and dependence in customersupplier relationships.Industrial Marketing Management,59, pp.76-95. Kahler, M. (Ed.)., 2015.Networked politics: agency, power, and governance. Cornell University Press. Lindenberger, U. and Mayr, U., 2014. Cognitive aging: is there a dark side to environmental support?.Trends in Cognitive Sciences,18(1), pp.7-15. Linton, D.K. and Power, J.L., 2013. The personality traits of workplace bullies are often shared by their victims: Is there a dark side to victims?.Personality and Individual Differences,54(6), pp.738-743. Oliver, B. R., Trzaskowski, M., Plomin, R.,2014. Genetics of parenting: The power of the dark side.Developmental psychology,50(4), 1233. Snead, J., 2016.White screens/Black images: Hollywood from the dark side. Routledge. Spain, S.M., Harms, P. and LeBreton, J.M., 2014. The dark side of personality at work.Journal of Organizational Behavior,35(S1). Tourish, D., 2013. The dark side of transformational leadership: A critical perspective.Development and Learning in Organizations,28(1). Whittaker, C.G. and Holland-Smith, D., 2016. Exposing the dark side, an exploration of the influence social capital has upon parental sports volunteers.Sport, education and society,21(3), pp.356-373.

How is conflict portrayed in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay Example

How is conflict portrayed in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet Essay Shakespeares portrayal of conflict is evident in a variety of ways. The audiences perception of the emotional and physical conflict relies on the language of the characters, character actions and the contrasting scenes reflecting the contrasting conflicts. Moral, emotional, religious, social and private force conflict are all expressed and explored through the play. How successful has Shakespeare been in investigation these forms of conflict for effect on the audience?Romeo and Juliet is a tragic drama that consists of several elements of comedy, romance and tragedy. The play was written by William Shakespeare allegedly between the years 1591 and 1596 and was first printed in 1597.The story was already well established in the Elizabethan era and was introduced to the English audience by the poet Arthur Brooks from his adaptation of Pyramus and Thisbe. Several details and aspects of Shakespeares play have been directly incorporated from Brooks poem and such appropriation of other stor ies and use of existing material is characteristic of Shakespeare.The characterization and the constant use of contrasting images of disarray, love, admiration and connections with society, religion and family would appeal to the audience through its use of tragic downfall, human destruction and relation of mankind to tragic action.The public or social institutions that either explicitly or implicitly oppose the existence of their love include families and the placement of familial power in the father, law and desire for public order, religion and the social importance placed on the masculine order. These societal institutions provide an obstacle for Romeo and Juliet and combine to create a profound conflict for the couple.There are several conventions incorporated into Shakespeares plays, sonnets and texts. The tragic hero was commonly used and was a nobleman of prosperity and status. Generally, the character had some moral weakness or imbalance which eventually led to their emotio nal or physical downfall. Some examples of these are Macbeth and his ambition, Romeo and his emotions and Othello and his jealousy.Another convention that was consistently used was a character that was responsible for restoring or maintaining order in the face of disruptive or anarchic behaviour (Prince Escalus and Theseus) and a figure that represented such disorder and disturbance (Mercutio, Tybalt, Bottom and Pluck). External influences such as fate and supernatural were also included, and the downfall of an innocent is apparent are several of his plays, including Mercutios, Banquos and Desdemonas death.A philosophical aspect is also frequently used, involving issues and themes such personal identity, the importance of love in human existence and the power of language to help or hinder communication.The portrayal of conflict through the use of specific language is identifiable in Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet.The use of antithesis and oxymorons expresses and exaggerates conflict through its use of direct or exact oppositions and contradictory phrases. The contrast between light and dark is a consistent visual motif and is used to provide a sensory contrast and a suggestion of opposed alternatives. An example of such light and dark imagery is evident in act 3 scene 5, when exiled Romeo remains with Juliet and pretends that it is still night and the lightness is the darkness: More light and light, more dark and dark our woes.The opposition of fate and free will and the inevitability of predetermined action are also addressed several times in the play to create a concept that permeates and influences the audiences perception of the events. The opening scene in Romeo and Juliet states that the couple are star crossed lovers and that a power vested in the movement of the stars dominates their activity. The characters awareness of the existence of fate can be interpreted through the characters constant visions and omens. Upon the news of the death of Juliet, Rome o exclaims: then I defy you, stars! and reinforces the concept that the love between Romeo and Juliet is in opposition to the decrees of destiny. It can then be annotated that the feud between the family of Montague and Capulet, Friar Lawrences plan to reunite the couple and the tragic timing of Romeos suicide and Juliets awakening were manifestations that brought out the unavoidable outcome of the lovers death.Both the connections and oppositions between love and violence and the perception that love is the cause of violence is a notably distinguishable opposition in the play. The love shared between Romeo and Juliet is at the point of inception associated and linked with death. After Tybalt discovery of Romeo at Capulets feast, he is determined to kill him and threatens Romeo by stating: I will withdraw, but this intrusion shall, Now seeming sweet convert to bittrest gall. In addition to this, after the meeting of Romeo and Juliet, they are constantly consumed by thoughts of suici de and the willingness to experience it. In Act 3 scene 3, after Romeo is banished from Verona, Romeo brandishes a knife in Friar Lawrences cell and threatens to kill himself. Three scenes later, Juliet also express her determinacy of experiencing suicide and withdraws a knife in the presence of Friar Lawrence to show her disagreement about marrying Paris. This constant reference to death is repetitive until the final inevitable conclusion of the suicide of both Romeo and Juliet.An oxymoron is a rhetorical figure in which incongruous or contradictory terms are combined to create a sense of conflict through the unbalance and instability of the phrases. An example of such a language device is apparent in act 3 scene 1, where Romeo reflects on the brawl through the use of oxymorons and oppositional words: O brawling love, O loving hate. These contradictory words emphasise the love versus hate theme and supports the concept that love is a cause of violence.Personification is a figure of speech in which inanimate objects or abstractions are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form. Shakespeare uses several examples of personification when portraying the image of Death as Juliets husband: And death, not Romeo, take my maidenhead. This exaggerates and relates to the underlying theme of conflict and bereavement within the play.Juliet is one of the principle personages in the play and her progression of her maturity and individuality is a key aspect of the appeal of her character. At the beginning of the play she is expectant of her fourteenth birthday and is portrayed as being innocent, sheltered and naà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ve. She is reluctant to take part in adult conversation and appear to respect her mothers authority. She shows discomfort discussing the subject of sex and commands the Nurse to cease her recital of a sexual joke at Juliets expense.When Lady Capulet mentions Paris interest in marrying Juliet, Juliet replies: Ill look to like, if looking liking move: But no more deep will I endart mine eyethan your consent gives strength to make it fly. This response seems childish in its obedience and in its immature concept of love, and may be interpreted as a passive resistance and an implication of her acquiescence to her mothers control.After Juliets acquaintance with Romeo however, she develops maturity and liberation from her prior social moorings. The death of Tybalt and the banishment of Romeo results in Juliet coming to a logical conclusion that her love and devotion to Romeo is her guiding priority.This development from a shy, reserved girl to a self assured, loyal and capable woman appeals to the audience through the concept of characterisation. The progression and advancement of a characters mental and physical state would intrigue and attract the audience as they witness the advancement of a character steadily throughout the play.The patriarchal power structure inherent in Renaissance families, wherein the f ather controls the action of the family places Juliet in a vulnerable position and provides her with a moral and societal conflict that results in the death of her and Romeo. The law and the emphasis on social civility demands terms of conduct with which the blind passion of love cannot comply.Mercutio is both the princes kinsman and Romeos friend and confidant. He establishes himself as a character of great importance and acts as a force to decrease the prospect of the power tragic fate. He relies on satire and serves as comic relied to the melancholy mood of Romeo. Mercutio both possesses an intense friendship for Romeo and a strong dominion of male honour. His courage in defending the honour of his friend results consequently to his death. In contrast to Romeos idealization of love, Mercutio ridicules it, perceiving it only as sex. He loves incorporating sexual double meaning into his phrases and his imaginative creativity can be seen as feverish and neurotic.The conflicts that M ercutio manages throughout the play include violent conflict, anger and the importance of masculine honour.Shakespeares alteration of scene contrasts and contrasting forms of physical and emotional conflict is evident throughout the play and appeals to the audience through the inducement of stimulated and excited responses.In act 1 scene 1, there is a rousing physical conflict between the Montague and Capulet household which purposely attracts the audiences attention and provides background information on the family rivalry. The opening scene of the play establishes a majority of the major themes and introduces the importance of masculine honour in Verona, where a man must defend his respect whenever it is transgressed verbally or physically against. This concept of masculine honour exists in all the divisions of the social hierarchy and acts a principal cause of the physical and violent conflict in the play.The establishment of conflict between the two households and feelings for e ach other is directly approached in this scene and immediately create a societal conflict for Romeo and Juliet. After the prince arrives and institutes the death penalty for any one who disturbs the peace again in the streets of Verona, the stakes for letting private passion overwhelm public sobriety rises to a new level and results in the banishment of Romeo. The Princes warning also institutes a better understanding of the severity of the conflict and donates the audience with an acceptance of the familial conflict between Romeo and Juliet.In the first scene of act 3, there is a build up to fighting and fatal violence that results in the death of Mercutio and Tybalt and an emphasis of masculine world in which notions of honour, pride and status are prone to erupt in a fury of conflict. The danger of the plays social environment is a dramatic tool that is incorporates by Shakespeare produce a romance that more susceptible to violence and disorder. Romeo accepts the responsibilities upon him by the social institutions of honour and family duty through his use of the term effeminate, which is applied by the public world of honour upon those things it does not respect.The arrival of the Prince results in the banishment of Romeo to preserve the public peace of Verona. The Prince unwillingly thwarts the love of the couple, and the relationship of Romeo and Juliet puts Romeo in danger of violent reprisal from both Juliets kinsmen and the state.In act 3 scene 5, the theme of language versus reality occurs again as Juliet claims that the lark is truly the nightingale and that the day has not yet befallen. In the confrontation with her parents after Romeos departure, Juliet overthrows the patriarchal power structure inherent in Renaissance families. The conflict against the familial power of the father is one of the underlying contests for Juliet. The defiance of her father expresses her maturity gained through her relationship and sexual experience with Rome. Her ref usal to marry Paris provides insight on her limited powers and becomes a primary reason of the consequent tragedy.In the final act, the deaths of Romeo and Juliet occur in a sequence of compounding stages. Throughout the play, Shakespeare has held up the possibility of suicide as an inherent aspect of intense and dramatic love and considers this suicidal impulse as an element as much part of it as the romantic euphoria. The double suicide in the play represents the fulfilment of love and the self-destructive impulse that has surged and flexed beneath their love. Juliet tries to kill herself with a kiss: an act of love intended as violence. When this fails, she stabs herself with a happy dagger, happy because it reunites her with her love. This results in violence being the final deed of profound love.

Four Functions of Management Essays

Four Functions of Management Essays Four Functions of Management Paper Four Functions of Management Paper In the process of collaborating people and resources to execute company objectives, management strategies these four elements to make the superlative use of materials, time, money, and skills. Planning, organizing, leading, and controlling are interdependent core elements of successful management. Planning Planning delivers a strategic value through the specification of goals and the outlining of pertinent actions for achievement. Value is understood as the monetary gain associated with how well the supply (goods and services) meets the demand (user needs) in terms of efficiency, speed, and quality. Planning can be derived from arioso user sources such as customers, business owners, suppliers, employees, stakeholders, communities, and even whole nations. The objective of planning is to seize opportunities develop, fortify, and uphold competitive advantage. Planning sets the stage for project management (Bateman Snell, 2009). Planning includes duties such as: 1 . Analyzing current arrangement 2. Projecting future situations 3. Establishing objectives 4. Activity engagement 5. Corporate strategies 6. Resource management Recently, my company decided to merge with a sister company to blanket more Mounties for health insurance coverage. My company is currently in the planning phase. The company has decided to merge one department at a time and reassess the scenario for further decision-making. The six step process listed above for planning must be revisited multiple times for the total plan to merge. Organizing Organizing supports the dynamic of an organization through the coordination of informational data, employees, financial accord, physical structure, and company resources. A company needs to remain flexible and adaptable to competition and customer needs. : Human resource organization strives to attract and retain the most diverse population needed for success (Bateman Snell, 2009). Organizing management castles entail 2. Job duty specification 3. Departmental grouping 4. Allocating capital company attractiveness 5. Cultivate conditions for maximum success My company uses organization strategies through the human resources department. The human resource department is responsible for departmental divisions and the physical organization of the departments location in the companys building. The unman resources department determines Job duties and coordinating salary according to an alphabetical scale the company has developed. One can tell the weight of Job responsibilities and a general salary range through the A through Z grade of a position. Leading Leading is a motivational position in management that involves close contact with people. Leading is predicated on communication with groups and individuals. Leading takes place in the smallest of teams to the largest of executive staff within an organization. Leading functions of a manager give employees motivation to come to ark, while the motivation of executives gives managers inspiration to do their Jobs. Leading gets others to contribute their ideas. Leading is to mobile people towards company objectives through guidance and inspiration (Bateman Snell, 2009). Delegation is a major portion of leading. Effective delegation frees the manager to focus on managerial tasks such as planning and control (Lorena, 2008, 1 2). My company effectively cultivates leading through regular meetings that encourage the thoughts of employees. Discussions are focused on in each meeting to give mattes the opportunity for commentary on process improvement. Controlling Controlling is a learning process that monitors tasks, encourages quality performance, and challenges change. In essence, controlling is quality assurance that organizational goals are being meet, safety guidelines are being followed, and company resources are being used effectively and efficiently. Controlling is ultimately about monitoring performance (Bateman Snell, 2009). In an article titled Pass It On! , the author states, We tend to have the mind-set that says, If you want it done right, do it yourself. After all, how else can we control quality? (Whitman, 2007, 1 2). Controlling is ultimately about quality assurance of execution. An effective manager must be able to entrust employees with the workload duties. My current employer has a quality assurance department which is solely dedicated to monitoring the work of employees through recorded telephone lines and regular paperwork audits. Conclusion Management using the following core elements to use employees and company resources to achieve organizational goals: planning, organizing, leading, and controlling.

Consumer socialization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Consumer socialization - Essay Example For children, a "gift" is anything they get beyond the basics of food, shelter and tools necessary to perform their studies. They soon recognize specific occasions for receiving gifts, such as their birthday and holidays like Christmas, Easter, and Hanukkah, among others, but continue to seek and receive gifts for other reasons such as good behavior or success in school. Often a gift for good grades is given at the end of the school term. This is all considered "dependent" consumption, as children do not yet have access to their own money to make purchases. Bjurstrom also refers to it as the "gift economy". It is not exclusive to children, of course. Adults use gifts for many reasons, primarily relationship-building and maintenance throughout their lives. (Bjurstrom, 2003.) "Independent" consumption, defined as supporting oneself from one's own income, is a large factor in the transition from childhood to adulthood today. Gender socialization does have an influence on the transition from dependent to independent consumption, while this is diminishing in many countries. Many women, even in developed countries, never fully evolve in their consumer socialization beyond the "gift economy." Their ideal husband is strong and loving, and buys what is needed and wanted without asking questions. The sooner young people of both genders are taught and encouraged to integrate dependent and independent consumption, the more effective consumers they will be. Young people should learn to use money from their allowances, and earnings from household chores, to buy birthday gifts for friends and family members as soon as possible, even if the gifts are small in size and value. This will help them learn to select and purchase, use money wisely, and understand the emotional and relationship impacts of receiving and giving gifts. While the age of young people who are able to practice fully independent consumption is getting later and later in the developed nations, due to the prolonged time they spend in post-secondary education, they are beginning to practice some forms of independent consumption at earlier ages in the 21st century than in the 20th. This is due to factors such as family income, as in many families around the world, both parents now work outside the home and earn income. (Bjurstrom, 2003.) Family income is a critically important factor in a study of consumer socialization in south Asia, based on surveys analyzed by M.F. Sabri, J. Masud, and L. Paim, of the University Putra Malaysia. The survey respondents were college students. The replies were given by 68% female respondents and 32% male. They lived in both rural and urban areas, and came from families with an average of 5 children. Most often they were middle children, rather than the oldest or youngest. This research also demonstrates the consumer socialization influences on these young respondents, aged 17 to 21. These young people were able to be relatively independent consumers due to their family income. Their parents could afford to send them to university and provide them with a generous allowance to use for living expenses. Most of the students lived away from

Rural Tourism in UK Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 10000 words

Rural Tourism in UK - Dissertation Example 1 Introduction 1.1 Background study Large-scale globalisation has led to widespread economic reframing, which has created an environment where local economies must necessarily adjust, for augmenting or maintaining the viability of their socio-economic conditions under the altered climate. Social and economic forces that are functioning at global levels ascertain both the type and and nature of rural regions and how they are used and valued (Butler, Hall, and Jenkins, 1998). These socioeconomic modifications along with new approaches and thoughts on recreation and leisure time activities are increasingly promoting rural tourism worldwide (Williams 1995). Developing areas not perceived favourably as tourist destinations, for rural tourism depends on two main factors. First, in some cases, tourist attraction may be slowly built-up by entrepreneurs through innovative businesses, like entertainment parks. Secondly, on some cases visitors may suddenly discover an area, generating a sudden increase in demand for recreation and leisure time activities, which gives the local entrepreneurs an opportunity to respond and develop their local area. However, development of rural tourism is not merely based on the concept of balancing local supply with tourist demand, but includes issues of sustainability, and evaluating the suitability and acceptability, as regards the local community, in view of developing the area as a tourist spot. There are various debates over defining the term rural tourism, and a review of the literature reveals that no consensus over the issue has been arrived yet (Pearce and Moscardo, 1985; Bramwell 1994). As Oppermann claimed, â€Å"there is not even a commonly accepted definition of what rural tourism is† (1996, pp. 86-87). This lack of consensus, as regards defining rural tourism, arises from the absence of a common standard used for measuring nature and type of rural tourism by different countries, worldwide. Therefore, rural tourism seen in various countries of the world, do not share any common characteristics. Observations also reveal that rural tourism does not necessarily pertain to only the typical rural form of activities, it can also be urban type situated in a rural area. Rural areas all over the world are experiencing intricate socioeconomic changes due to effect of globalisation, technology and communications that have altered the conditions for market operations and distributions for local and traditional items (Frochot, 2005). Besides this, owing to globalisation many of the rural areas have witnessed large-scale depopulation while others have experienced large-scale influx of immigrants or inflow of elderly people looking for retirement, or others looking for establishing innovative business types that may not be local or traditional in nature. Generally, rural tourism is associated with the form of tourism where rural culture is the chief element or the main component of

Literature and Cinema Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Literature and Cinema - Movie Review Example Bremer is not expressive about the writer's style, setting and structure in a novel; and the extent of its application to its film adaptation. In this regard, Bremer quotes Bluestone's Novels Into Films, (According to Bluestone, literature and film are autonomous forms of artistic expression, one communicating with written words, the other with visual images. Along these lines, Bluestone suggests that when the filmist undertakes the adaptation of a novel, he does not convert the novel at all. What he adapts is a kind of paraphrase of the novel, p18). Bremer is satisfied implying that Stam's reason about fidelity is more of the nature of that element in the novel which may not be successful in its film adaptation. A film may be adapted in its totality - chapter to chapter, paragraph to paragraph, summarized, edited and cut down or stretched to the required length of time directly from a novel and transported to the cinemas. This transposition from one medium to another hardly justifies either medium. Quoting Robert B. Ray and Dudley Andrew, J. D. Connors in his article, The Persistence of Fidelity, says, "The problem with fidelity is that it makes for boring criticism."2 In this case, fidelity is a non-issue. The main issue or issues may have more to do with success and less to do with fidelity to the original text. According to Rose Mary Bremer, "In an attempt to increase the probability that a film will be successful, i.e. recover and exceed the initial investment, the industry has turned more and more to the backing of adaptations based on popular contemporary novels and literary classics."3 In his article, From Word to Word-Image: Film Translation of a "Sketchy" Chinese Short Story: Spring Silkworm, Literature Film Quarterly, 2005 Wang, Yiman, mentions, "The moralistic discourse to which Stam refers prioritizes the question of fidelity involved in translating one medium (the verbal fiction) into another (the visual film). One way to counterbalance this moralistic approach is to stipulate qualitative differences between literature and film as two distinct media." Also, in the same vein, Wang goes on to quote Fredric Jameson using the "Bordwell-Hansen hypothesis." This hypothesis suggests, "whenever other media appear within film, their deeper function is to set off and demonstrate the latter's ontological primacy" (Jameson 84)." And, "The "ontological primacy" of cinema is closely related to its visuality, or the commonly recognized cinema-specific properties." 4 In essence, in order to be successful, a film requires cinema-specific visual translations of the core substance of the source novel. The cinema-specific properties depend on selection of the main characters, side actors, stuntmen, and cameraman, location, screen play, costume, music, the element of emotion and suspense, and so on. Literal Fidelity Two film adaptations of The Maltese Falcon in 1931 and 1936 did not measure up to the success of the novel. In the words of Huston, "the previous screenwriters had kept trying to 'lick the book,' instead of filming the book."5 The third version directed by John Huston turned out to be a runaway success. Interestingly, fidelity to the original script coupled with brilliant photograpy and background music,

The Internet Can Be Used For Terrorism

The Internet Can Be Used For Terrorism The internet covers a vast number of ways in which it can be used for terrorism, the most common way in which terrorist use the internet, is in fact the use we fear least, namely the use to recruit, communicate and spread propaganda. Cyber war, which includes, terrorist attacks such as hacking into nuclear power plants, flight control or even businesss is in reality yet to be seen or even developed by terrorists, however it is still the side of internet terrorism that we fear most. The terrorists using the internet cannot be easily defined as one group of people. John Deutch argues that there are three types of terrorists, the first is state sponsored terrorists, second is groups trying to overthrow their government to gain independence and finally Islamic terrorists who operate and have interests in not one sole country but instead with in a region, which in their case is predominantly, but not solely, the middle east.  [1]  The different aims and the degree of how radical each group is, will affect the extent to which different terrorists are willing to use the internet to achieve their goal. The internets simple accessibility, minimal restrictions and speed to reach vast potential audiences is the basis for why it has become so popular for governments, businesses and the public, including terrorists, to increasingly use it for everyday tasks. The freedom and equality that the internet allows, and which democratic countries support, is a double-edged sword as it allows terrorists to just as easily coordinate and conform to attack these democratic values. The internet provides a means for terrorists to attack on a more level playing field in a cyber war, instead of the traditional means of warfare in which the states military superiority can usually defeat the terrorists. However, accessing and attacking information on the internet can be harder in less democratic countries such as china where the internet is heavily censored. Gabriel Weimann says that most terrorist sites emphasize two issues, the restrictions placed on freedom of expression and the plight of comrades who are now political prisoners  [2]  . With regard to the first point that terrorists sites emphasize the restrictions placed on their freedom, this very notion that they are publicising this worldwide on their sites to mass audiences is a contradiction of having their free speech restricted. Furthermore, despite the United States military attacks on Al Qaeda since the war on terror, Al Qaeda has still gained large publicity in the west. Whether this is video tapes of Osama Bin Laden, or messages warning of further attacks, it has allowed them the freedom to spread their message and fear to their enemies. Weimann goes on to say though that terrorist sites swiftly emerge, modify their formats, and then swiftly disappear again. In some cases, e.g. Al Qaedas, locations and contents change almost daily  [3]  . If terrorists freedom were unrestricted, they would not have to do this, thus the internet is clearly a place that offers terrorists vast opportunities, but not without extr eme risk and precaution. The internets opportunities that have been exploited the most are the use of propaganda and recruiting, targeting mainly potential supporters and the public of the enemy, Potentials are bombarded with anti-American propaganda  [4]  . Prior to the internet, the only outlet the terrorists had was television, radio and newspapers, all of which are selective, and more cautious to a certain extent, of what they choose to publicise. Indirectly however, the internet has actually helped terrorists reach audiences through these traditional media outlets. Press releases are often placed on the websites in an effort to get the organisations point of view into the traditional media.  [5]  Foreign journalists are actually aimed at through the internet; in this manner, the internet not only provides a way for terrorists to reach the public, but also in fact allows them to reach out through traditional media outlets, which previously was very rare. It allows mainstream journalists to access and choose whether to publicise their material, which prior to the internet would have been very hard to get their message to these journalists. The extent of this should not be overstated though, it may have made it easier for terrorist groups to catch the attention of journalists, but that by no means, and is still very rare, that they will publicise their message, at least not in the light that the terrorists would like it to be portrayed anyway. The internet also provides an outlet for psychological warfare, fundraising, co-ordinating attacks and for hiding encrypted manuals and instructions  [6]  . There is much evidence to support this; the IRA as well as other terrorist groups has received many donations online. Psychological warfare has been committed by posting beheadings and murder online, such as the murder of American journalist Daniel pearl. Donald Rumsfeld said that an Al Qaeda terrorist manual said it was possible to gather at least 80% of all information required about the enemy to co-ordinate an attack. As for terrorist manuals and instructions, the terrorists handbook, anarchists cookbook and the Encyclopaedia of jihad, which include details of how to run an underground organisation and execute attacks, can be easily found online. Despite the internet providing an outlet for these uses, most of the operating systems and programs used by these terrorists are likely to be American made; meaning it is highly l ikely that precautionary counter measures are already in place by America to prevent an attack against them. Fundraising can be easily quashed through the collaboration of the governments and card companies, as seen recently with visa and MasterCards ban on donations to Wikileaks. Although not a terrorist organisation, a group nonetheless causing problems to the U.S that they quickly restricted. Psychological warfare using murder and brutality videos are rarely on the internet for long and usually seen by very few because they are not easily available, or plainly because many people do not want to watch them. The internets use for distributing manuals and co-ordinating attacks has proved harder to restrict though and the growth of cloud computing is only hindering this, cloud computing also at the same time provides another possible area for terrorists to attack, particularly businesss using cloud networks. The mass media has overstated the threat of cyber terrorism and made inadequate awareness to the daily uses like recruitment and spreading of propaganda, but this is not to say that the cyber terrorism is not a threat. John Arquilla says that cyberwar Like war in Clausewitzs view, may be a chameleon. It will be adaptable to varying contexts.  [7]  As cyberwar is a new concept, in relation to the centuries of warfare, it is hard to say yet whether this is the case. The extent of its use is fast appearing though, the ability to recruit and train as previously mentioned as well as the ability to hack enemy systems and potentially cripple them shows that a battle could be started, carried out and won with just the effective use of superior hackers. Vice admiral Bevrowski said, We are in the midst of a revolution in military affairs (RMA) unlike any seen since the Napoleonic Age  [8]  . I believe that the development of the internet and networks is actually much larger than the Na poleonic age RMA, but at the same time much more restrained. In a way, it is a much larger revolution because for the first time it creates a more level battlefield for terrorists who can rarely compete militarily against states. Cyberwar in theory can cause an even more destructive victory without killing one person, by solely destroying vital enemy networks and systems, or merely just bluffing that you are capable and willing to do so. Christopher Joyner believes that it only needs an adversary to attack the US banks and the whole economy would crumble.  [9]  On the other hand it could actually prevent what John Arquilla says has been the main aim of warfare since the sixteenth century, attrition or absolute defeat of the enemy  [10]  . If you manage to access the enemys networks, but not attack and instead threaten the enemy to surrender, then this could potentially end the battle without casualties. The flaw in the threat of cyberwar is that although the enemy has effect ively been defeated, they have not been weakened at all and could come back and attack very quickly. Americans and other nations threatened by terrorists will likely have superior defences in place to prevent this sort of catastrophic attack though, limiting and restraining the use of internet warfare by terrorists. At the same time, despite states superior networks and technology, it is very hard for states to know how to directly attack rogue terrorist groups without unintentionally attacking civilians; again, the possibilities for internet warfare are limited. The exception to this would be state sponsored terrorists, states have clear targets such as the military, transportation systems or their stock exchange, all of which can be dealt powerful blows to get them to hand over terrorists and stop supporting them. Traditional views of war can be applied to cyber war, as Von Clausewitz argues; the defending party always has an advantage over the attacking forces. This is true for cyber war and is why attempts to successfully combat cyber terrorism are made more difficult. The defending state has to produce advanced, expensive technological methods to protect all of its information, from its stock exchanges and health care systems to its military and nuclear systems. The attacker on the other hand only has to find a way to access one of these areas to cause catastrophic damage, thus they can spend more time and money focussing on one area of attack while the defending nation has to spread its resources across many; this gives the attacking terrorists the advantage. To combat this, the easiest way is to know what area the terrorists plan to attack so you can focus resources. The problem that arises from this solution though is that it is very easy to start abusing civil liberties by illegally mon itoring citizens activities and restricting certain information; whether this prevents the attack or not, the terrorists will have already won a victory of discrediting the western values of freedom and liberty. The illegal wiretaps that George Bush approved without a warrant under the PATRIOT Act prove this; the threat of terrorism is enough to make governments crack and hand the terrorists a small victory. The rise of internet terrorism has changed the hierarchical system in terror cells to a network of international, independent terrorist cells. In order to combat this, states must co-operate and share information. There is plenty of evidence to suggest that sharing information occurs, it is likely that a lot of useful information is not shared though. The issue is not just the sharing information; if terrorist cells co-ordinate globally then likewise must governments. John Deutch mentions how Europeans protested over the U.S bombing of Libya after a bomb killed two Americans.  [11]  Disagreements make an international response, slower, inefficient and divided. The terrorist cells, for the most part to not have this problem, they join specific terrorist groups because of its reputation and intentions and are usually united under one political or religious aim. The opportunities presented to terrorists by the internet are increasing as the world become more reliant on the internet. At present though, the opportunities are largely non-aggressive and this is mainly because actions such as recruiting over chat rooms and spreading propaganda are hard to combat and even if the enemy finds them, there is usually nothing illegal about these websites and new ones can be easily re-opened under a different name. For terrorists trying to use the internet for aggressive means such as hacking, the opportunities are a lot more limited because most states threatened by terrorism, have invested large amounts of money into cyber defences to combat this.

Othello’s Copious Imagery Essay -- Othello essays

Othello’s Copious Imagery  Ã‚        Ã‚   Let’s look into Shakespeare’s drama Othello and admire the proliferation of imagery with which the playwright has decorated the play.    In the Introduction to Shakespeare’s Othello: The Harbrace Theatre Edition, John Russell Brown describes some â€Å"splendid images† in the play:    The elaborate soliloquy spoken by Othello as he approaches his sleeping wife (V.ii.1-22) contains some splendid images, such as â€Å"chaste stars,† â€Å"monumental alabaster,† â€Å"flaming minister,† and â€Å"Promethean heat,† but its key words are simple and used repeatedly: cause, soul, blood, die, light, love, and weep. In his last sustained speech (V.ii.338-56), the images are fewer and approached through the simplest words (â€Å"Speak of me as I am†) and most blatant antitheses (â€Å"loved not wisely, but too well†). (xiv)    H. S. Wilson in his book of literary criticism, On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy, discusses the influence of the imagery:    It has indeed been suggested that the logic of events in the play and of Othello’s relation to them implies Othello’s damnation, and that the implication is pressed home with particular power in the imagery. This last amounts to interpreting the suggestions of the imagery as a means of comment by the author – the analogy would be the choruses of Greek tragedy. (66)    The vulgar imagery of Othello’s ancient dominates the opening of the play. Standing outside the senator’s home late at night, Iago uses imagery within a lie to arouse the occupant: â€Å" Awake! what, ho, Brabantio! thieves! thieves! thieves! / Look to your house, your daughter and your bags!† When the senator appears at the window, the ancient continues with coarse imagery of animal lust: â€Å"... ...ore Evans. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin Co., 1974.    Kernan, Alvin. â€Å"Othello: and Introduction.† Shakespeare: The Tragedies. Ed. Alfred Harbage. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall Inc., 1964.    Mack, Maynard. Everybody’s Shakespeare: Reflections Chiefly on the Tragedies. Lincoln, NB: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.    Muir, Kenneth. Introduction. William Shakespeare: Othello. New York: Penguin Books, 1968.    Shakespeare, William. Othello. In The Electric Shakespeare. Princeton University. 1996. http://www.eiu.edu/~multilit/studyabroad/othello/othello_all.html No line nos.    Spurgeon, Caroline. â€Å"Shakespeare’s Imagery and What it Tells Us.† Shakespearean Tragedy. Ed. D. F. Bratchell. New York: Routledge, 1990.    Wilson, H. S. On the Design of Shakespearean Tragedy. Canada: University of Toronto Press, 1957.      

Honor Thy Father and Mother: an Essay Concerning the Condition of Elderly Care in the United States Essay

In the world we live in, we grow up and get older. It’s a sad and simple fact that we can’t be young forever. When we are growing up, we are cared for by our parents, relatives, and many more people. They care for us because at that point in our lives, we didn’t know how to take care of ourselves. As we grew older we learned how to care for ourselves and no longer necessarily needed the help of those other people. There comes a point in our aging process that we begin to forget how to care for ourselves or lose the means to do it alone. Usually what will happen is the family that you have left will either hire someone to care for you in your own home or move you to a nursing facility. Jean Marcusson is an 88 year old woman. She has three kids (one of which is my mother). In May of 2013 she was diagnosed with congestive heart failure. Shortly after it became apparent that she wasn’t able to care for herself in her own home. She was having trouble rememberin g who people were, where she was, and sometime she would forget what she was doing. There were instances where she turned on the stove to boil water for tea, but forgot to put water in the kettle. Abother, when she attended my graduation she didn’t know whose graduation it was. It’s tough for her family to help her when they all have their own lives to lead. Her daughters and son have spent a lot of their time this summer taking care of her, but it is growing old. After a month of taking care of her for a month in her home, the doctors decided that she needed to be put in a rehab center. Immediately after that she was moved into the John Knox Rehab Facility. She was confused, nothing seemed right to her. Her first thought was that she was in a hotel. At that point we began to realize that she was suffering from dementia. She couldn’t tell the difference between her children or grandchildren. She couldn’t remember whether or not her husband was alive or where she lived before arriving at the rehab facility. A few weeks into her stay at John Knox, Jean came down with very serious pneumonia. The doctors decided to move her back to Lee’s Summit Medical Center. Speculation led doctors to believe that she caught it at the rehab center. Once she got better, they moved her back into the facility. She seemed to be doing well, until there was a day when she was completely dehydrated and wouldn’t leave her bed. At first they couldn’t figure out what was wrong. My mom was sitting with her that night and found some pills on the floor. It became apparent that when the nurse brought her pills to her in the morning that she would throw them on the floor once the nurse left the room. The whole episode left her family very upset with the quality of care she was receiving. Another incident was when she decided to go to the restroom without alerting a nurse and fell on her way there. Being old and fragile, she bruised very easily and this fall left the right side of her face blackened . The condition she was in at the rehab center left us to wonder how she could ever live by herself at her home again. Insurance only covered her staying in the rehab center until the end of August. For her to live in her home again, we would have to hire full time nurses that would be there 24/7 to look after her. That’s something that just won’t fly for her, plus it’s expensive. For a nurse to be at her house caring for her eight hours a day, it would cost $5,000 a month. So you can imagine how much 24 hours a day would cost. In my opinion, the rehab center didn’t help Jean at all. I would say it made her worse. Her anxiety developed when they made her leave her home and her dementia got much worse from there. In the year 2000, two thousand nursing homes were studied. The findings reported that 44% said they had been abused. 95% said they had been neglected or had seen another resident be neglected. The National Center of Elder Abuse (NCEA) shows the majority of elderly abuse is physically, resident to resident, or psychological. Nearly 1 in 3 nursing homes have been cited for violating national standards for treatment of the elderly. Over 50% of nursing home staff has admitted to mistreating older patients through violence, mental abuse, and neglect, two thirds of those incidents involved neglect. A survey of Certified Nursing Assistants (CNA) found that 17% of CNAs had pushed or grabbed a nursing home resident, 51% had reported yelling at a resident, and 23% had sworn at residents. A U.S. GAO report to Congress states â€Å"Our work shows that nursing home residents need both stronger and more immediate protections. More should be done to protect nursing home residents.† Another issue I would like to discuss is abuse of the elderly by family or friends. There are some families in this world who have older people in their families who can no longer take care of themselves; to the family these people are vulnerable. The family will begin to care for the elderly person and expect compensation of some sort. Many drug abusers look to take money from the parents or grandparents and are the most likely to abuse a relative. 66% of elderly abuse cases are caused by adult children or spouses. 42% of murder victims over the age of 60 were murdered by their own o ffspring. While we can all agree that abuse of the elderly is a despicable act. It is possible to slightly justify the actions of the abusers. Elderly people aren’t the most enjoyable people to take care of. I can provide a small testimony to that as I work in fast food and I am often given a lot of crap from elderly customers. Honestly, there is no good way to justify elderly abuse, while the actions of the abusers may seem justifiable to them, they aren’t. You can’t justify abusing anyone, but I understand that the abuser had a reason to do what they did that may have seemed right to them. Jean Marcusson’s case is different though, the things she dealt with at John Knox might not have been on purpose. Even if they were, there is nothing we can do to prove it and it would be a waste of time to try. Ensuring that the people that made those mistakes are punished won’t make Jean any better. It severely disturbs me that a person can be okay with hurting a person, especially an elderly one. It amazes me that our parents or other relatives raise us and teach us how to live. Yet when they become old and need our help some refuse because they think that you shouldn’t rely on other people to take care of you. What would have happened had our parents just left us to fend for ourselves and learn the ropes of surviving in this world. We would probably be dead or much different than we are now, that is something I don’t want to imagine. Take care of the elderly as if you were in their position and wanted someone to take care of you. You’ll probably be in that position someday and expect someone to be there to help you.

Rights and Benefits of Full US Citizenship

Rights and Benefits of Full US Citizenship Many of the benefits of U.S. citizenship, such as the assurances of equal protection under the law and due process of law are granted by the U.S. Constitution and federal laws to both citizens and non-citizens living as lawful permanent residents in the United States. Immigrants to the United States who pass the civics examination and take the Oath of Allegiance to complete the naturalization process of achieving full U.S. citizenship gain the full protection of the U.S. Constitution, along with several rights and benefits denied even to immigrants with long-time legal permanent resident status. At the same time, the benefits of U.S. citizenship do not come without some important responsibilities. Benefits of Citizenship While the U.S. Constitution and laws of the United States give many rights to both citizens and non-citizens living in the United States, some rights are only for citizens. Some of the most important benefits of citizenship are: Sponsorship of Relatives for Permanent Resident Status Persons holding full U.S. Citizenship are allowed to sponsor their immediate relatives - parents, spouses and unmarried minor children - for U.S. Legal Permanent Resident (Green Card) status without waiting for a visa. Citizens may also, if visas are available, sponsor other relatives, including: Unmarried sons and daughters, 21 years of age and older, of U.S. citizens;spouses and children (unmarried and under 21 years of age) of lawful permanent residents;unmarried sons and daughters, 21 years of age and older, of a lawful permanent resident;married sons and daughters of U.S. citizens; andbrothers and sisters of U.S. citizens (if the U.S. citizen is 21 years of age and older). Obtaining Citizenship for Children Born Abroad In most cases, a child born abroad to a U.S. citizen is automatically deemed to be a U.S. citizen. In general, children born abroad to U.S. citizen parents may obtain full U.S. citizenship either at birth or and after birth but before the age of 18. Congress has enacted laws that determine how citizenship is conveyed by a U.S. citizen parent (or parents) to children born outside of the United States. In general, the law requires that at the time of the child’s birth, at least one parent was a U.S. citizen, and the U.S. citizen parent had lived in the United States for a period of time. Becoming Eligible for Federal Government Jobs Most jobs with federal government agencies require applicants to be U.S. citizens. Travel and Passport Naturalized U.S. citizens may possess a U.S. passport, are protected from deportation, and have the right to travel and live abroad without the threat of losing their Legal Permanent Resident status. Citizens are also allowed to re-enter the U.S. repeatedly without being required to re-establish proof of admissibility. In addition, citizens are not required to update their address of residence with the U.S. Customs and Immigration Services (USCIS) every time they move.  A U.S. passport also allows citizens to get assistance from the U.S. government when traveling overseas. Naturalized U.S. citizens become eligible for a wide range of benefits and assistance programs offered by the government, including Social Security and Medicare. Voting and Participation in the Electoral Process Perhaps most importantly, naturalized U.S. citizens gain the right to vote, and to run for and hold all elected government positions, except for President of the United States. Showing Patriotism In addition, becoming a U.S. citizen is a way for new citizens to demonstrate their commitment to America. Responsibilities of Citizenship The Oath of Allegiance to the United States includes several promises immigrants make when they become U.S. citizens, including promises to: Give up all prior allegiance to any other nation or sovereignty;Swear allegiance to the United States;Support and defend the Constitution and the laws of the United States; andServe the country when required. All U.S. citizens have many responsibilities other than the ones mentioned in the Oath. Citizens have a responsibility to participate in the political process by registering and voting in elections;  Serving on juries is another responsibility of citizenship;Finally, America becomes stronger when all of its citizens respect the different opinions, cultures, ethnic groups, and religions found in this country. Tolerance for these differences is also a responsibility of citizenship.

On Cannibals Example

On Cannibals Example On Cannibals – Book Report/Review Example On Cannibals â€Å"On Cannibals† was written in the year 1580 by the famous and among the most seminal of the French Renaissance. A thorough introspection through the document, â€Å"On Cannibals†, shall launch the readers onto a plethora of understanding operating within different realms of explanation subjected to human comprehension. The frankness and lucidity of the document operates within myriad layers of argumentative doctrines set upon the cannibalistic instinct of human beings and puts the conventional approaches of human mind towards cannibalism into multitudes of paradoxical dogmas. The document, â€Å"On Cannibalism† is not at all dictating; it is not persuasive however. Nowhere within the text did one find any kind of pressure upon the European readers to adhere the practices of cannibals. Montaigne, in the text, in a very plain and simple manner describes with details and precision, as much he was able to gather during the time upon the cannibalisti c practices. But a contrast between the two cultures, as noted by Montaigne, sets a comparative study for enhancing or pointing towards the flaws inherent within his own culture. The passage where the cannibalism is described as â€Å"barbarous horror† and the practice of eating roasted flesh of a dead man is assumed such term, Montaigne compares the act with the European act of â€Å"tearing a body limb from limb by racks and torments†. Such a comparison makes it evident that Montaigne had hinted that eating a dead man is less barbaric than torturing an alive and then kill him (Washington State University, â€Å"Michel de Montaigne: On Cannibals (1580)†).Through these comparisons, the purpose of the text, â€Å"On Cannibalism† becomes more evident. The purpose is to bring the readers to terms with the central thought of the text, which revolves around finding of true honor and vigor, which Montaigne explains does not lie within the physical strength of a man or within the physicality of civilization. Rather, the true honor and velour lies within the mind and soul of a good willed person (Porter, â€Å"Moral Barbarism in Montaignes â€Å"Of Cannibals†Ã¢â‚¬ ). Porter, Jane. Moral Barbarism in Montaignes â€Å"Of Cannibals†. Brown University, 2003. Web, 15 Aug. 2013. . â€Å"Michel de Montaigne: On Cannibals (1580)†. World Civic Reader. Washington State University, 1998. Web. 15 Aug. 2013. .

Catalan Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Catalan Literature - Essay Example Roig’s identification of the female as both carrier and purveyor of Catalonian language, traditions, myths, history and nationalism was circumstantially predetermined by the experiences of this quasi-national community during the Franco years. To understand Roig’s works as something other than a feminist treatise and to fully appreciate their complexity, an understanding of the politically history which informed and incited them, is necessary. In brief, throughout the four decades of General Franco’s dictatorship, the Catalan community, as were the Andalusia, Basque and Castilian, was oppressed through the government’s determined efforts to forcibly impose the Spanish culture and language upon all. The Catalan language and culture were outlawed, with the hope being that their de-legitimisation would, over the generations and years, lead to their obliteration. Both, however, were kept alive within the private and feminine space of the home and, both were ke pt alive through the efforts of Catalan’s women. It was, thus, that Catalonian women played a fundamental role, not only in the rescuing of the national culture and historical memory but, in the survival of Catalonia herself. Within the socio-political history which informs Montserrat Roig’s works lays the key to the understanding of her literary productions. Binary oppositions assume political significance, with the private representing the national space and the public symbolising the oppressive dominance of Franco’s Spain; with the private and the feminine representing oppressed and the public and the male symbolising the oppressor. Indeed, as one who lived during Catalonia’s traumatic linguistic and cultural experiences under Franco, Roig’s works can only be fully understood from this perspective and can only be fully appreciated as a product of a literary mind which, itself, had